GENETIC DIVERSITY AS A KEY DRIVER OF ECOSYSTEM RESILIENCE IN THE FACE OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE

Abstract

Genetic diversity plays a critical role in maintaining the resilience of ecosystems under the stress of environmental changes. The ability of ecosystems to adapt and recover from disturbances, including climate change, habitat destruction, and pollution, is strongly influenced by the genetic variation within species populations. This paper examines how genetic diversity serves as a buffer against environmental stressors, enhancing the adaptive capacity of species and ecosystems. The study highlights the importance of preserving genetic diversity for ecosystem function and stability. The impact of genetic diversity on ecosystem resilience is explored through examples from various ecosystems, with a focus on biodiversity hotspots in Pakistan. The findings underscore the need for conservation strategies that prioritize genetic diversity to mitigate the effects of environmental change.